Your dentist should take a full set of dental X-rays early into the doctor-patient relationship, usually a first visit or second visit. So if you are a new patient then it is recommended so your dentist has a baseline for your teeth positioning. 

This is important to monitor any changes that could be happening in your teeth between appointments.

Most adult patients have bitewing X-rays every year and a full mouth series every four to five years.

But those with a higher risk for dental caries problems may need them every six to 18 months.